CEREBRAL PALSY

ABOUT

Cerebral palsy is a disorder or group of disorders that affect posture or movement of body tone. Its major cause is damage that occurs to an immature brain in its developmental stages and most cases, before birth. Symptoms and signs of cerebral palsy usually surface during preschool or infancy years. Ordinarily, cerebral palsy causes rigidity or floppiness, unusual reflexes, unstable walking, involuntary movement, trunk, and limb rigidity.

Babies with cerebral palsy often experience eye muscle imbalance (the eye cannot focus on the same object) and severe problems when swallowing. Also, due to the stiffness of the muscles, the range of motion is reduced at the different joints of their bodies. The effect of cerebral palsy varies in different people; while some affected people need assistance to walk, others can easily help themselves. Some kids show normal or near-normal intellect while others are down with intellectual disabilities, deafness, blindness or epilepsy.

TYPES OF CEREBRAL PALSY

Ataxic Cerebral Palsy

This CP type causes a problem with depth perception and balance.

Dyskinetic (athetoid) Cerebral Palsy

This type of cerebral palsy causes uncontrolled movements.

Spastic Cerebral Palsy

This type of CP causes difficulty in movement and stiffness.

CAUSES

Even if the direct causes of cerebral palsy are not always known, most cases of CP occur before childbirth or early infancy which is a stage the brain is still developing. With that being noted, the likely causes of cerebral palsy are below –

  • Medical-related problems with the baby's mother during pregnancy
  • When jaundice (unusual whiteness of the eyes and yellowing of the skin during birth) is left untreated.
  • In the womb or after birth stroke effects.
  • Infections during pregnancy
  • Genetic disorders
  • Lead poisoning in babies
  • Inadequate blood flow to the baby’s brain
  • Involvement in a car accident
  • Bacterial meningitis

Symptoms of Cerebral Palsy

  • Exaggerated reflexes (spasticity) and muscle stiffness
  • Dull writhing movements
  • Involuntary movements or tremors
  • Normal reflexes (rigidity) and stiffness of muscles
  • Difficulty with eating and sucking.
  • Difficulty in adopting fine motor skills such as picking up utensils or buttoning clothes.
  • Difficulty in learning
  • Severe seizures
  • Problems with swallowing and excessive drooling
  • Walking difficulties such as scissors-likee gait with knees crossing, toes walking, a crouched gait, asymmetrical and wide gait.
  • Lack of muscle coordination and inadequate balance’
  • Slowness in attaining milestones of motor skills such as crawling, sitting up and pushing up on arms.

EFFECTS of Cerebral Palsy

  • Hearing loss
  • Disabilities in learning
  • Sleep disorders
  • Brittle and weak bones (osteoporosis)
  • Drooling and speech problems
  • Tooth decay
  • Constant spitting up (gastroesophageal reflex)
  • Blindness or visual impairment
  • Sucking of fluid or food into the lungs (Food aspiration)
  • Behavioural issues
  • Severe seizures

CURE FOR CEREBRAL PALSY

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There is no known cure for cerebral palsy but several therapies and resources have been designed to aid diagnosed kids to grow and develop their potentials. Immediately a kid is diagnosed, therapies like learning, speech, social, movement emotional development should be administered.

For kids with severe muscle stiffness and pain, medicine should be given through the mouth or a pump (baclofen pump) which is placed under the skin. In cases of dislocated hips and scoliosis, surgery should be initiated.

Cerebral Palsy Support Groups in NZ

The government of New Zealand has put in several efforts to reduce the impact of  cerebral palsy among infants but much is also being done by selfless support groups that are listed below -

NZ Foundation for Conductive Educative

This foundation was established with the aim of providing early childhood education for children diagnosed with cerebral palsy.

McKenzie Centre

An early intervention service located in Hamilton with the goal of assisting families with children who are patients of cerebral palsy and special needs.

Ohomairangi Trust

One of the foremost cerebral palsy support groups in Auckland designed specifically for children showing signs of motor disorders at birth.

Champion Centre

An early intervention centre established for aiding infants slowed down with developmental delays.

Wellington Early Intervention Trust (WEIT)

This is a therapy- based intervention centre located in Wellington for children with cerebral palsy and special needs between ages 0-5.

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